Final answer:
The two key network-layer functions are routing, which is the process of path determination, and forwarding, which is the act of moving data packets between links based on the routing decision.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two most important network-layer functions in a computer network are routing and forwarding. Routing is the process of determining the path or route through the network that data will take from source to destination. It is often handled by routers that use algorithms to decide the most efficient path given the current network conditions. Forwarding, on the other hand, is the act of moving packets of data from one router's incoming link to the appropriate outgoing link based on the routing decision. Forwarding happens at the actual routers where the packets are received and then sent out based on the router's routing table, which is influenced by routing protocols.
The two most important network-layer functions in a computer network are routing and forwarding.
Routing refers to the process of selecting the best path for data packets to travel from the source to the destination. It involves determining the optimal route based on factors such as network congestion, link quality, and distance. Routing protocols, such as OSPF and BGP, are used to exchange routing information and make these decisions.
Forwarding is the actual transmission of data packets from one network node to the next along the chosen route. It involves examining the destination IP address in each packet and using the routing table to determine the appropriate outgoing interface.