Final answer:
The dependent variable is the outcome expected to change based on the independent variable's influence, determined by analyzing the relationship in data tables through methods like scatter plots and correlation coefficients.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or observed in an experiment or study. It is the outcome or response variable that changes as a result of the independent variable.
To find the dependent variable given a data description or table, you need to look for the variable that is being influenced or affected by the other variable. For example, in a study investigating the effect of study time on test scores, the test scores would be the dependent variable.