Final answer:
The difference between intra domain routing and inter domain routing is that the former refers to routing within a single autonomous system using protocols like OSPF and EIGRP, whereas the latter involves routing between different autonomous systems using protocols like BGP, addressing problems like policy enforcement and scalability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary difference between intra domain routing and inter domain routing lies in the scope and functionality of the routing process. Intra domain routing, also known as interior gateway protocols (IGPs), is the process of routing within a single autonomous system (AS), which is typically under a single administrative control. Protocols like OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) are used for this purpose. They are optimized for routing within large networks that are under a single organization's control.
In contrast, inter domain routing, known as exterior gateway protocols (EGPs), involves routing between different autonomous systems. This is crucial for the global Internet, where data must pass through networks controlled by different organizations. The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the primary protocol used for interring domain routing. It is designed to be robust, scalable, and capable of handling complex routing policies across a myriad of independent networks.
When talking about the problems each needs to address, intra domain routing focuses on efficient routing within the network, while also limiting the scope of route propagation to reduce overhead. Inter domain routing, however, must tackle issues like policy enforcement, scalability, and the negotiation of routing information across diverse and potentially competing networks.