We can see here that in this scenario, the bones of the flipper of a whale that form a branched structure are most homologous to: c. a white tubular bone with a thickened end.
The bones in the flipper of a whale have a structure that includes elongated bones forming a limb-shaped structure, and a description of a white tubular bone with a thickened end aligns well with the characteristics of these bones.
Bones provide the framework and structure for the body, giving it shape and supporting soft tissues and muscles. They protect vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. For example, the skull protects the brain, while the rib cage shields the heart and lungs.