Final answer:
The question pertains to the anatomical structures involved in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, a condition where the median nerve is compressed within the carpal tunnel of the wrist.
Step-by-step explanation:
The carpal tunnel is a structure in the wrist through which the median nerve and tendons pass from the forearm into the hand.
It is formed by the carpal bones in a U-shape and the flexor retinaculum creating the roof. The procedure described involves the division of the carpal ligament and an external neurolysis to alleviate pressure in the carpal tunnel, commonly known as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Additionally, there is a mention of the ulnar nerve being identified, freed, and dissected at the elbow through a posteromedial incision, which may be relevant to conditions like cubital tunnel syndrome.