Final answer:
Franz Fanon attributed the cause of poverty in the world's poorest countries primarily to the impact of colonialism, which led to economic underdevelopment and a lasting inequality perpetuated by neocolonial practices. The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Franz Fanon, colonialism is the primary cause of poverty in many of the world's poorest countries. Fanon's analysis presents a critical perspective on the legacy of imperialism and its lasting effects on former colonies. Many of the difficulties faced by these countries today, such as unequal economic development, exploitation of local resources, and geopolitical tensions, can be traced back to the era of colonialism.
Fanon highlighted how the so-called first-world countries benefited greatly from their colonies, while the third-world countries suffered from economic underdevelopment, resource depletion, and brain drain. This created a lasting inequality, which was further exacerbated by neocolonialism after these countries gained political independence, continuing economic and political influence by former colonial powers and multinational corporations.