Final answer:
Psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley found that middle- and high-income parents talk more to their children, resulting in high-income children knowing more words. A father's experiment with his son showed how reading positively impacted vocabulary and cognitive skills. Sociologist Annette Lareau found that higher-income parents actively foster their child's talents and interests, leading to better academic performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
- Psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley found that middle- and high-income parents talk to their children significantly more than low-income parents, resulting in high-income children knowing almost double the number of words known by their low-income counterparts.
- A father in an experiment with his son realized the importance of reading when his son could read a list of simple words. This demonstrates how parents' engagement in reading can positively affect their child's vocabulary and cognitive skills.
- Sociologist Annette Lareau found that higher-income parents actively foster their child's talents, opinions, and skills, leading to their children being introduced to a wide range of activities and performing better academically.