Final answer:
Material Requirements Planning (MRP) calculates material requirements using current data, material dependencies, and replenishment lead time, rather than historical data.
Step-by-step explanation:
The MRP technique, which stands for Material Requirements Planning, calculates the requirements for a material based on current data, the material's dependence on other materials, and replenishment lead time. It makes use of bill of materials (BOM), inventory data, and the master production schedule to determine what materials are necessary, in what quantities, and at what time to meet the production demands. MRP systems do not typically base their calculations on historical data, as they are focused on current and future needs.