Final answer:
Creating a function or subroutine is the process by which repeated code segments are consolidated into a named block that can be called multiple times, enhancing code readability and maintainability.
Step-by-step explanation:
When code segments are repeated and the programmer decides to consolidate them into a single named block that can be used multiple times throughout the software, this process is known as creating a function or subroutine. Functions are a fundamental concept in programming that make the code more readable, maintainable, and reusable. By defining a function, a programmer can call it where needed instead of repeating the same code. This technique is not only a best practice but also a core part of writing efficient and organized code.
The use of functions allows for better abstraction and encapsulation of code logic. For instance, if you have a program that needs to calculate the area of a rectangle in different places, rather than repeating the multiplication formula throughout the code, you can define a function named ‘calculateArea’. Once defined, this function can be called with the dimensions of the rectangle as parameters, and it will return the calculated area. The advantage is clear if there’s a modification needed in the calculation logic, the programmer needs to update the code in one place only, within the function definition, rather than in every location the formula was used.
Functions can also receive parameters and return values, making them incredibly versatile. They can be designed to perform a range of operations, from simple tasks like calculating a sum to more complex operations involving multiple steps and decision-making processes. Importantly, the use of functions helps to prevent errors and bugs that can occur from having multiple copies of the same code in different places, which might get out of sync over time.