Final answer:
The primary reason the American government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers was to obtain arms and financial support, which was crucial for the war effort and victory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principal reason the American government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers during the war for independence was to facilitate the purchase of arms and borrowing of money from other nations. This was seen as a necessary step to support the war effort and ensure success against the British forces. During the Revolutionary War, while nationalism grew and a political framework was laid out, the need for foreign assistance in terms of military supplies and financial support became evident.
The American leaders realized that beyond patriotism and the ideas of the Declaration of Independence, practical means to sustain the war was crucial, which could come in the form of alliances and aid from foreign powers. Recognition from other nations would legitimize the American cause on the international stage and open doors for vital support necessary for victory.