Final answer:
The weight of the astronaut on the planet is 500 N.
Step-by-step explanation:
The weight of an object on a planet depends on the acceleration due to gravity on that planet.
In this case, the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the planet is given as 10 m/s², while on Earth it is 9.8 m/s².
Since weight is proportional to the acceleration due to gravity, we can calculate the weight of the astronaut on the planet using the formula:
Weight on planet = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity on planet
Given that the astronaut's weight on Earth is 50 kg, we can substitute the values into the formula to get:
Weight on planet = 50 kg x 10 m/s²
= 500 N