Final answer:
Post-World War I, most women left the workforce and many returned to traditional roles at home, due in part to societal expectations. Though the economy was strong, women and African Americans generally did not keep their wartime jobs as men returned from service.
Step-by-step explanation:
Post-World War I Effects on Women's Employment
After World War I, many women who had joined the workforce during the war faced a societal push to return to traditional roles at home. The first statement "Most women left the workforce after the war" is true, as many women were fired or voluntarily left their jobs as men returned from the war and reclaimed employment. The second statement "Many women wanted to return to traditional roles and spend more time in the home" can also be considered true, reflecting the era's societal norms and the way many women embraced their roles as mothers during the Baby Boom. However, it's known that there was also dissatisfaction among women, which suggests that not all women were pleased with returning to traditional roles.
The third statement, "Labor unions forced many women out of jobs after the war," is also accurate to some extent, as unions were often ambivalent or hostile towards women workers and played a role in the reduction of their employment opportunities. However, the role of labor unions was complex and not the sole reason women left the workforce.
The fourth statement "The strong postwar economy allowed most women and African Americans to keep the jobs they worked during the war" is not accurate. While the postwar economy was strong, it did not prevent women and African Americans from losing their wartime jobs. The societal expectation was that they would give up their positions to the returning servicemen, and unemployment rates for these groups did not reflect them keeping their wartime jobs.
In conclusion, although the war provided new employment opportunities for women and African Americans, many of these gains were not permanent and did not survive the societal shift back to prewar gender and racial job roles after the conflict ended.