Final answer:
Sally earns $5 per hour with a $30 bonus, represented by the equation y = 5x + 30, where y is the total earnings and x is the number of hours worked.
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation to represent Sally's earnings can be written as y = 5x + 30, where y is the total earnings and x represents the number of hours worked. The equation includes a constant term, which is a $30 bonus, and a variable term, where Sally earns $5 per hour. This is a linear equation that can be used to calculate her total earnings for any number of hours.