Final answer:
In the experiment, heat is transferred between two calorimeters through conduction, where heat flows from hot water to cold water via a metal bar until equilibrium is reached. Calorimetry aims to measure this heat transfer accurately, considering water's high specific heat capacity.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the described calorimetry investigation, the heat transfer from the hot water in Calorimeter B to Calorimeter A through the metal heat transfer bar is primarily conducted through the process of conduction. This process occurs when heat is transferred through a substance, in this case the metal bar, without the substance itself moving. The heat energy is passed from the higher temperature object, the hot water, to the lower temperature object, the cold water, via the metal bar until thermal equilibrium is achieved.
Calorimetry is an experiment that measures the heat exchanged during physical or chemical processes. In this setup, when the two calorimeters, each containing water with different temperatures, are connected by a metal bar, heat flow will go from the hotter to the cooler one until they reach the same temperature. A calorimeter aims to minimize heat loss to the environment so that precise measurements of heat exchange can be made.
Understanding the concept of specific heat is crucial, especially considering water's high specific heat capacity, which means it can absorb or release a significant amount of heat with minimal temperature change. This property is why bodies of water have a fairly constant temperature over short periods, even as the air temperature fluctuates.