Final answer:
A primary source is an original document created at the time under study, providing direct evidence about the topic, such as a diary entry. We evaluate a source by asking who created it, what information it provides, when and why it was created, and where. This helps to understand the source's reliability and perspective for historical analysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine whether a source is primary or secondary, we need to consider its nature and origin. A primary source is an original document or other material that was created at the time under study. It is a firsthand account that offers direct evidence about the topic. Examples of primary sources include diary entries, photographs, and letters. On the other hand, a secondary source interprets and analyzes primary sources. These are second-hand accounts at least one step removed from the event and include textbooks, articles, and biographies.
When evaluating a source, we often ask who created it, what information it provides, when it was created, why it was created, and where it was created. These questions are important because they help historians understand the author's perspective, biases, and the context in which the source was produced. Establishing the authenticity and reliability of a primary source is crucial for historical analysis.
One exercise to understand source analysis could involve an example of a diary entry by a person who lived during the period under discussion. This would likely be considered a primary source because it was written during the time being studied and offers an insider's view of that period. In contrast, a modern biography or an academic article discussing historical events would be considered secondary sources because they interpret and analyze primary sources.
To enhance knowledge of sources, discussing the concept of causation in history is also helpful. Causation involves examining the underlying reasons why certain events happen, ranging from immediate triggers (primary causes) to broader societal factors (secondary and tertiary causes).