Final answer:
The reaction will slow down when the concentration of amylase is reduced. This is because fewer enzyme molecules result in fewer active sites for the substrate to bind to, therefore decreasing the reaction rate in the biological system.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the concentration of amylase is made very small, the reaction will slow down (Answer B). This is because enzymes, like amylase, are catalysts that speed up the chemical reactions in biological systems by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to proceed. When enzyme concentration is low, there are fewer active sites available for the substrate to bind to, which results in a decrease in the overall reaction rate. This relationship is linear when there is an excess of substrate present; more enzyme molecules mean more available active sites until all substrates are bound, after which increasing enzyme concentration will no longer increase the reaction rate.
Enzymes do not change the pH (Answer C) as a direct result of their concentration, and their presence or concentration does not directly cause them to denature (Answer D). Denaturation of an enzyme occurs in response to external conditions such as extreme temperature or pH levels, not from the concentration changes.
Concentration and Reaction Rate in Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions
In enzyme-catalyzed reactions, both the concentration of the enzyme and the substrate can influence the reaction rate. However, if the substrate is already in excess, making the enzyme concentration smaller will reduce the number of collision events between the enzyme and substrate, slowing down the rate of the product formation.