Final answer:
The Aztec Empire built their powerful and wealthy state by seizing many towns, which expanded their territory and trade networks. This is evidenced by their historical actions such as levying taxes on conquered territories to build their economy and fund infrastructure, along with innovative agricultural practices to sustain their population and trade.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option : b
The Aztec Empire became a powerful and wealthy state primarily through the expansion of its territory and trade networks. The Aztecs accomplished this by conquering other territories and integrating them into their empire, thereby gaining access to their resources and trade routes. By subjugating other city-states and demanding tribute, the Aztecs could fund large building projects, support a growing population, and maintain a robust economy. Their capital, Tenochtitlan, was at the heart of this network, serving both political and economic purposes. King Moctezuma I's reign marked significant territorial expansion where taxes were levied on defeated city-states, and the wealth generated was reinvested into major construction projects, including pyramids, which in turn reinforced their power.
The Aztec military played a crucial role in securing and maintaining their empire, which was also based on a strong agricultural foundation. Using innovative methods such as chinampa agriculture, they produced surplus crops, which elevated the state's ability to feed its urban population and army. This surplus also allowed the Aztecs to gain a trade advantage and economic stability, later fueling their artistic and architectural achievements.