Final answer:
Aibak encouraged religious tolerance and valued men of learning, which was promoted during the Abbasid Caliphate through a culture of learning and the translation and preservation of works from various languages. So, the correct answer is option c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aibak encouraged religious tolerance and valued men of learning. The Abbasid Caliphate, during which Aibak lived, placed great emphasis on learning and supported scholars who translated and preserved works from various languages into Arabic.
This resulted in a culture of learning and openness to ideas, allowing the Abbasid Empire to apply contemporary knowledge and understanding to the ruminations of previous generations. So, the correct answer is option c.