Final answer:
The correct answer is B. Confederal System. In a confederal system, states maintain a significant degree of sovereignty with a weak central government, unlike a strong central authority in a federal system.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the form of government where states agree to join together voluntarily and establish a common body for certain functions while retaining their individual powers, the correct answer is B. Confederal System. A confederal system is characterized by a weak central authority and strong state or provincial governments that retain powers akin to independent nations. Examples include the right to maintain a military force, print money, and make treaties. The United States began as a confederation under the Articles of Confederation, but due to the inability of the central government to effectively support the country, a shift to a federal system was made with the drafting of the Constitution. Confederate governments are emphasized by states' rights and the citizen's needs within each state, although they may struggle with internal power dynamics and lack the resources of a centralized government.