Final answer:
Attila the Hun is known for his brutality and conquests, but also had diplomatic skills. Trajan is remembered for his effective governance and benevolence. Diplomatic skills were key in the Byzantine Empire's longevity and success of other historical leaders.
The Correct Option is; c) His brutality and conquests.
Step-by-step explanation:
Assessing Attila
Attila the Hun is often remembered for his brutality and his military conquests, which brought destruction to the regions of Europe he invaded. His forces pushed as far as the gates of Rome, causing a great deal of devastation and contributing to the decline of the Roman Empire. Despite these negatives, Attila was also known for certain positive traits, such as his diplomatic skills, critical in negotiations like the one with Pope Leo I that prevented the sacking of Rome.
Trajan's Accomplishments
Trajan, on the other hand, is celebrated for his ability to effectively govern the Roman Empire through administrative skills, benevolence, and charity. He expanded the empire while also being attentive to the needs of his people, providing loans to farmers, and supporting food programs for poor children. Trajan’s balance of military leadership and peaceful rule exemplifies a more benevolent side of leadership.
Byzantine Diplomacy
The Byzantine Empire utilized diplomacy very effectively through its Bureau of Barbarians, managing to survive for a millennium after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. This form of statecraft and intelligence gathering was key to maintaining the empire’s longevity, although it eventually fell to the Turks.
Leaders like Theodoric the Great and Emperor Romanos IV also offer examples of rulers who used a mix of military prowess and diplomacy to expand or protect their realms.
While figures like Caligula represent the disastrous effects of cruelty and the absence of positive leadership, others show that a balance between martial skill, diplomatic maneuvering, and benevolent governance can lead to long-lasting legacies.