Question

Water has a boiling point of 100.0°C. What property allows water to have a high boiling point compared to other liquids?

- A. High vapor pressure
- B. High heat of vaporization
- C. Low specific heat
- D. Low surface tension

Answer 1

Water's high boiling point is due to its high heat of vaporization, which requires a large amount of energy to break the strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules, allowing them to escape as gas. Mercury is an example of a liquid with a higher boiling point than water.

Step-by-step explanation:

Water has a high boiling point compared to other liquids primarily because of the hydrogen bonding between water molecules. This type of intermolecular attraction leads to a high heat of vaporization, which is the energy required to convert water from a liquid to a gas. The correct property that allows water to have a high boiling point relative to other substances is option B: High heat of vaporization.

To answer the provided questions:

1. An example of a liquid that boils at a temperature higher than water is mercury, which boils around 356.73°C.
2. a) The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure, causing the liquid to change into a gas. b) Upon reaching the boiling point, the phase change that occurs is the transition from liquid to gas, known as vaporization.
3. In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, a solid has particles that are closely packed together, vibrating but not moving freely. This contrasts with liquids where the particles are less tightly bound and can move around each other.