Final answer:
Vultures have adaptations such as a highly acidic digestive system and a strong immune system enabling them to consume decaying meat without getting sick. They maintain ecosystem health by consuming dead animals, preventing disease spread, and aiding nutrient recycling.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vultures have several adaptations that allow them to eat rotten carcasses without getting sick. These adaptations include a highly acidic digestive system, which destroys harmful bacteria and toxins found in decaying meat. Their strong immune systems are also believed to protect them from pathogens that could be present in their food.
In India, vultures play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem health by consuming dead animals, which helps prevent the spread of diseases that could affect humans and other animals. This is particularly important in regions where there may be limited waste disposal or carcass disposal programs. Additionally, by cleaning up carcasses, vultures help to control populations of pests that might otherwise proliferate, and they contribute to nutrient recycling in the ecosystem.