Final answer:
The difference between expected and experimental values in a dihybrid cross can be due to factors like dominance, incomplete dominance, linkage, mutation, or sampling error. The given values do not match the Mendelian 9:3:3:1 ratio, indicating one of these factors may be influencing the outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The expected phenotypic ratio from a dihybrid cross is 9:3:3:1. This ratio comes from the independent assortment of two different genes that are unlinked and follow Mendelian inheritance. If we have two traits, for example, flower color and texture, and each is governed by either a dominant or recessive allele, then using the product rule, we can determine the expected phenotypes. The differences between expected and experimental values can be due to various factors, such as dominance, incomplete dominance, linkage, mutation, or sampling error.
In the given experimental values, the ratios are not matching the expected Mendelian ratio of 9:3:3:1. This can be because of factors like mutation, which may alter the allele frequencies, or linkage, which could mean that the genes for flower color and texture are not assorting independently. Another possibility is that there might be an incomplete dominance scenario where heterozygotes have an intermediate phenotype rather than one of the two parental phenotypes. Additionally, there might be an error in sample size or an environmental factor affecting gene expression.