Final answer:
To calculate the expected number of contaminated items out of a batch of 500,000 products, we can use proportions. Based on a sample of 150 products with 3 contaminated, we find that approximately 10,000 products would be contaminated in a batch of 500,000.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the expected number of items contaminated out of a batch of 500,000 products, we can use the concept of proportions. We know that in a sample of 150 products, 3 were contaminated with allergens. So, the proportion of contaminated products in the sample is 3/150.
To find the expected number of contaminated products in a batch of 500,000, we can set up a proportion:
3/150 = x/500,000
Cross-multiplying, we get: 150x = 3 * 500,000
Simplifying, we find that x = 10,000. So, it is expected that out of a batch of 500,000 products, approximately 10,000 will be contaminated with allergens.