Final answer:
A one-party government is dominated by a single party, often limiting political competition. In a presidential government, there's a separation of powers, with an independently elected executive, leading to possible gridlock. A parliamentary government has a fusion of powers with the legislative majority selecting the executive, allowing efficient law-making but can result in unstable governments. Option a) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The differences between a one-party government, a presidential government, and a parliamentary government can be understood by looking at how the legislative and executive branches interact, and how the leaders are selected. In a one-party government, a single political party dominates the political landscape, often resulting in limited or no competition during elections. This contrasts with both presidential and parliamentary democracies which tend to be multi-party systems.
In a presidential government, like that of the USA, there is a clear separation of powers between the executive (headed by an independently elected president) and the legislative branches, with both branches being directly elected by the people. This separation provides checks and balances but can also lead to gridlock if there is disagreement between the branches.
A parliamentary government, exemplified by the UK, features a fusion of powers between the executive and the legislative branches. The executive leader, the prime minister, is typically a member of the legislature and is chosen by the legislative majority. This system allows for more cooperation between the branches and more efficient law-making, but it can also lead to less stable governments if the ruling party loses its majority.