Final answer:
Richard Rodriguez uses the rhetorical appeals of pathos through emotional anecdotes, ethos by establishing credibility, and logos with logical reasoning to argue against bilingual education in 'Aria'.
Step-by-step explanation:
Richard Rodriguez utilizes the rhetorical appeals of pathos, ethos, and logos in "Aria," the first chapter from his memoir Hunger of Memory, to argue against bilingual education. He effectively includes emotional anecdotes that appeal to pathos, allowing readers to feel his deep personal connection to the subject. Rodriguez establishes his credibility and authority through ethos, by sharing his own experiences with learning English which highlights the transformative and integrative power of a single public language.
For example, Rodriguez's narrative includes moments of his childhood to evoke sympathy and understanding from his audience, such as the intimate and emotional struggles of learning English in an English-speaking country, and how this impacted his integration into American society. By sharing these stories, Rodriguez illustrates the emotional weight of his argument.
Rodriguez establishes ethos by discussing how his academic achievements eventually earned him a place in higher education, signaling to the reader that his perspective on language and education is informed and worthy of consideration. To bolster his claims, he presents a logical argument (logos) against bilingual education, discussing how the use of a common language can unify individuals within a society and strengthen public identity, while also allowing for individual success.