Final answer:
To calculate the critical size of a surface flaw for which fracture would occur, analyze the stress distribution and determine the maximum stress concentration using fracture mechanics principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to calculate the critical size of a surface flaw for which fracture would occur under the given loading conditions, we need to analyze the stress distribution and determine the maximum stress concentration. The critical size would be reached when the stress concentration at the flaw becomes too high, causing fracture. This can be done using fracture mechanics principles and equations, such as the stress intensity factor and the crack tip opening displacement.