Final answer:
HPV can lead to genital warts and vulvar cancer, with the latter being associated with certain high-risk strains of the virus. Regular screenings like Pap tests and vaccinations are important preventive measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
HPV can lead to significant vulvar changes, including the development of genital warts and vulvar cancer. These warts may appear as small, rough growths which can be raised or flat, and sometimes take on a cauliflower shape. In terms of malignancy, certain high-risk strains of HPV, such as types 16 and 18, are associated with a higher risk of developing vulvar cancer. These persistent infections can disrupt normal cellular functions and cause precancerous changes in the vulva over time.
Genital warts result from low-risk HPV strains and are often successfully cleared by the body's immune responses within 2 years. However, the presence of high-risk HPV strains poses a more serious risk as they can induce the formation of cancers by inactivating tumor suppressor proteins. Early detection through screening, such as the Pap test, is crucial in managing the risk of cancer. Vaccination with products like GARDASIL can prevent infection with certain types of HPV, thereby reducing the risk of vulvar and other types of cancers associated with HPV.
Being the most common sexually transmitted virus, HPV is also known for its role in causing cervical cancer. The disruption caused by HPV can allow for uncontrolled cell division, leading to tumor formation. Regular screening and vaccination are key strategies in preventing HPV-related complications.