Final answer:
Misdemeanor defendants may enter a guilty plea and be sentenced during the preliminary hearing, often through a plea bargain. Deferred adjudication can also occur, allowing for probation before final sentencing. Following conviction, sentencing is determined by a judge or jury, with appeals possible to higher courts.
Step-by-step explanation:
In certain jurisdictions, misdemeanor defendants can enter a plea of guilty and be sentenced during the preliminary hearing phase of the legal process.
This is typically part of a plea bargain, where defendants agree to plead guilty, often to a lesser charge, in exchange for a lighter sentence or the dismissal of some charges. Through plea bargaining, the legal system efficiently manages the volume of cases, as it allows for the resolution of charges without the need for a full trial. When a plea is entered, defendants will waive some of their rights, such as the right to appeal and the right to trial by jury.
Plea bargaining can sometimes result in deferred adjudication, where sentencing is delayed while the defendant completes the terms of probation. Successful completion of probation could lead to charges being expunged or jail time reduced. If a case does go to trial and a defendant is found guilty, a judge or sometimes a jury, will determine the appropriate sentence, based on the law and details of the case. Should the losing party wish to challenge the verdict or sentencing, they can appeal the decision to a higher court.