Final answer:
IUGR is linked to an enhanced risk of adult diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The condition is indicative of the long-term health impacts that result from fetal development issues, which is why preventive care and lifestyle changes are vital for those affected to reduce the risk of these diseases in adulthood.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a condition characterized by abnormally slow growth of a fetus, which can stem from maternal, fetal, or placental factors. IUGR is a significant risk factor for several adult diseases including cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack, stroke, and angina, as well as metabolic syndrome, which in turn is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Additionally, IUGR can increase the risk for certain types of cancer, particularly those associated with lifestyle factors and obesity.
Several studies, including the PURE study by Dagenais et al., have identified the link between common causes of death in adulthood and diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and several types of cancer, and have recognized the contribution of both genetic and lifestyle components in the development of these conditions. Furthermore, the presence of metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity, high blood pressure, unbalanced blood lipid levels, and high blood glucose levels, serves as an enhancement to these risks.
The long-term health implications of IUGR emphasize the importance of preventive measures and lifestyle modifications to mitigate the increased risk for these chronic noninfectious diseases that often result in significant morbidity and mortality in the adult population.