Final answer:
Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus with the ovaries being the most common site. It is diagnosed through symptoms, physical examination, imaging, and confirmed by laparoscopy. Treatment typically involves medication for pain and surgical removal of the tissue.
Step-by-step explanation:
Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside of the uterus. This tissue often attaches to areas like the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the pelvic cavity. The most common site for endometriosis is on the ovaries. The misplaced endometrial tissue can cause inflammation, pain, and may form scar tissue. It is generally associated with significant pelvic pain, especially during menstruation and can also lead to infertility.
Diagnosis of endometriosis typically involves self-reported symptoms, a physical examination, and medical imaging such as ultrasonography. A definitive diagnosis requires laparoscopy, a surgical procedure where a camera is inserted into the abdomen to visually inspect the presence of endometrial tissue.
The treatment for endometriosis often includes medications for pain, like NSAIDS, and surgery to remove the lesions. However, unless the surgery is a hysterectomy, endometriosis may recur.