Final answer:
One positive consequence of Europeans' arrival in the New World was the introduction of new foods, plants, and animals through the Columbian Exchange. However, a negative consequence was the devastating impact of diseases on the Native American population.
Step-by-step explanation:
One positive consequence of Europeans' arrival in the New World was the introduction of new foods, plants, and animals through the Columbian Exchange. This exchange allowed for the transfer of crops like potatoes, tomatoes, and corn from the Americas to Europe. These new food sources had a significant impact on European diets and improved their overall nutrition.
However, one negative consequence of Europeans' arrival in the New World was the devastating impact of diseases on the Native American population. Europeans brought diseases such as smallpox, influenza, measles, and typhus to which Native Americans had no immunity, resulting in catastrophic epidemics and a significant decline in population.