Final answer:
While no option provided correctly orders the scientists based on their contribution to the atomic theory, option c lists Goldstein, Rutherford, Bohr, and Thomson, which are closely related to the historical sequence of contributions, albeit out of order.
Step-by-step explanation:
The timeline of scientists contributing to atomic structure starts with the earliest contributions to the most recent. J.J. Thomson, whose experiments with cathode rays led to the discovery of the electron, thus proposing the Plum Pudding Model, should be considered first in our timeline for these options. Ernest Rutherford follows, with his gold foil experiment that discovered the nucleus and debunked the Plum Pudding Model. Now given the researchers mentioned, Niels Bohr would be next; he used Rutherford's nuclear model to propose his planetary model of the atom in 1913, which introduced quantized orbits for electrons.
Based on the given options, none of the lists correctly place the scientists in the order of their contributions. However, the closest to the correct order is option c, which states Goldstein (who confirmed the existence of positively charged particles in an atom), Rutherford, Bohr, and Thomson, but does not place them in the correct historical sequence and includes Gilbert Lewis, who is known for Lewis structures that represent valence electrons.