Final answer:
The term 'symbiosis' refers to a close and long-term biological interaction between two different species. It includes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. The correct answer to the question is d. Symbiosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Any close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms is known as symbiosis. Symbiosis encompasses various relationship types, including:
- Mutualism - where both species benefit from the relationship.
- Commensalism - where one species benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped.
- Parasitism - where one species (the parasite) benefits at the expense of the other (the host), causing harm to the host.
In the context of the question posed, the correct answer is d. Symbiosis, as it broadly defines a close and long-term biological interaction between two different species, with at least one organism benefiting, which could be mutualistic, commensal, or parasitic.