Final answer:
The process of breathing out is known as expiration (exhalation), which is part of the broader respiration process that involves both ventilation and gas exchange in the lungs.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the resident breathes out, the process is known as B. expiration (exhalation). Expiration is typically a passive process that occurs due to the elasticity of the lungs when the diaphragm relaxes. The overall respiratory process respiration involves both the physical act of ventilation, which is the movement of air in and out of the lungs, and the biochemical process of gas exchange. This gas exchange happens in the lungs, where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide along with other waste gases diffuse out into the air.