Final answer:
The approach to job design with roots in human-factors literature is ergonomic design, which focuses on creating work environments that improve safety, efficiency, and satisfaction by considering the physical and cognitive integration of workers with their tools and tasks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ergonomics, also known as human factors psychology, is a field within industrial and organizational psychology that focuses on the design of tools, machines, and work environments to improve safety, efficiency, and job satisfaction. Human factors psychology aims to create systems that leverage the user's capabilities while minimizing the potential for human error and strain, often through the application of human-centric design principles and research.
For example, ergonomics can influence the design of an office workstation by considering the height of the chair, the placement of computer monitors at eye level, and the type of input devices to prevent strain injuries. It can also involve designing software interfaces that are intuitive to use, thereby reducing cognitive load and improving productivity. The integration with machines, software, and workstations helps to enhance worker safety and overall job performance.