Final answer:
The pancreas secreting insulin and glucagon into the duodenum is false; these hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream. Both pancreatic tumors and Type 1 diabetes can lead to hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. The major hormones secreted by the pancreas are glucagon and insulin, regulating blood glucose levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon into the duodenum is false. The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon directly into the bloodstream because they are hormones. However, as a digestive organ, the pancreas does secrete digestive enzymes into the duodenum, but this is separate from its endocrine function. Insulin is produced by beta cells and is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose levels, while glucagon is produced by alpha cells and is secreted when blood glucose levels fall.
Regarding pancreatic tumors and Type 1 diabetes, option b is correct as both conditions can cause hyperglycemia. Type 1 diabetes occurs due to the pancreas's failure to produce insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. On the other hand, a pancreatic tumor may cause excess secretion of glucagon, opposing insulin's effects and also leading to increased blood sugar levels.
Two major hormones secreted from the pancreas are glucagon and insulin. These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels, with insulin lowering it and glucagon raising it. They work together to maintain homeostasis of glucose concentrations in the blood.