Final answer:
Communication cables are run close to the ground conductor to minimize interference, utilizing principles such as those seen in coaxial cables and Faraday cages.
Step-by-step explanation:
To minimize interference, communication cables are run as close to the ground conductor as possible. Doing so helps reduce the chance of electromagnetic interference, which can disrupt communication signals. This principle is utilized in the design of coaxial cables, which consist of two concentric conductors separated by insulation. The outer conductor acts as a ground and shields the inner conductor (the center core) from external electrical noise. Furthermore, the Faraday cage effect, where a metal shield encloses and protects components from electrical fields, also explains the importance of proximity to the ground conductor in minimizing interference.
Additionally, electrical engineers ensure that the surfaces of conductors are smooth and feature a large radius of curvature to avoid leakage of charge into the air, a practice evident in high-voltage transmission lines. To further prevent energy loss, electric power is transmitted over long distances at high voltage to minimize the current, thus reducing resistive heating, known as Joule losses. All these methods are important considerations for maintaining the integrity and efficiency of electrical and communication systems.