Final answer:
2nd generation H1 blockers act by inhibiting the binding of histamine to H1 receptors, reducing symptoms of allergies, and are also used for insomnia and asthma. They can have side effects like drowsiness, headache, and dizziness, with severe toxicities including cardiac arrhythmias.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mechanism of Action of 2nd Generation H1 Blockers: 2nd generation H1 blockers, often referred to as antihistamines, work by binding to histamine H1 receptors. This action prevents histamine from binding and exerting its effects on the cells, leading to a reduction in symptoms like itching, runny nose, and sneezing associated with allergic reactions. These medications also have effects on other conditions such as insomnia, motion sickness, and vertigo.
Clinical Uses of 2nd Generation H1 Blockers: Aside from treating allergy symptoms, 2nd generation H1 blockers are used for their sedative properties to treat insomnia. They are effective in the prevention of inflammation, and because of their action profile, they are utilized in treating respiratory conditions like asthma.
Potential Toxicities and Side Effects: Although 2nd generation H1 blockers are typically less sedating than their predecessors, they still hold the potential for side effects such as drowsiness, headache, and dizziness. More severe toxicities can include cardiac arrhythmias, particularly when taken in higher doses or with other medications.