Final answer:
The Green Revolution had negative impacts on Balinese rice farmers, leading to social inequality and ecological issues. This was due to a shift towards agricultural methods that favored large operators over small subsistence farmers and disrupted traditional farming practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the TED Talk by Steve Lansing regarding the impact of the Green Revolution in Bali, the importation of the Green Revolution had negative consequences for Balinese rice farmers. Despite the improvements in yield and the technological advancements that led to a temporary increase in production, the introduction of Green Revolution practices also led to ecological and social issues, which provide a context for selecting option B) No, the Green Revolution had negative consequences for Balinese rice farmers, leading to ecological and social issues.
One specific consequence of the Green Revolution in Bali was widening social inequality. The move towards capital- and energy-intensive western agricultural techniques often benefited large-scale operators and manufacturers of agrochemicals and machinery, subsequently worsening the financial situation for small-scale, subsistence farmers. This shift contributed to a greater social and economic gap between rich and poor, creating a scenario whereby rich landlords became richer, and landless peasants faced increased poverty. These dynamics underscore the complexity of outcomes from such global agricultural initiatives.
Moreover, the push for high-response varieties of crops demanded more use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, which could disrupt the traditional and ecological balance of farming systems, such as those in Bali that were based on intricate water management and cooperative farming practices. Consequently, this complexity led to both adverse environmental impacts and alteration of long-standing farming traditions.