Question

Read the scenario below and then respond to the TWO tasks in the answer sheet booklet.

Scenario
While Jenny, a first-grade student, reads a grade-level-appropriate passage that she has not previously read, the teacher makes the following observations.
Pauses frequently as she attempts to recognize many of the words
Often reads words incorrectly and doesn't apply strategies to self-correct errors
Uses her finger to point to each word while reading orally and reads at a slow rate with poor natural expression
The teacher's observation notes also indicate that when a text is read to Jenny, she performs at a proficient level in comprehension and seems to enjoy having an adult or a peer read to her. Her scores on summative reading comprehension measures show below-average performance in recalling details and identifying story elements in a fictional text.


Tasks
Based on the information provided, identify and describe TWO difficulties in literacy that Jenny is experiencing. Support each identified difficulty with specific details about Jenny's observed reading performance.

Describe one informal and one formal reading assessment tool Jenny's teacher can use to evaluate and monitor her future growth in each of the areas of need identified in Task 1. Explain in your response how the teacher can use the data collected from each evaluative measure to drive further instruction.

Answer 1

Jenny is experiencing difficulties in word recognition and comprehension. An informal assessment tool that Jenny's teacher can use is a running record, while a formal assessment tool is a cloze test.

Step-by-step explanation:

Jenny is experiencing two difficulties in literacy. The first difficulty is that she pauses frequently as she attempts to recognize many words, indicating a struggle with word recognition. The second difficulty is that she often reads words incorrectly and doesn't apply strategies to self-correct errors, showing a lack of reading fluency and decoding skills.

An informal reading assessment tool that Jenny's teacher can use to evaluate her word recognition difficulty is a running record. This assessment involves listening to Jenny read a passage and recording any errors or miscues. The teacher can then analyze the errors to determine areas of weakness and provide targeted instruction.

A formal reading assessment tool that Jenny's teacher can use to monitor her comprehension difficulty is a cloze test. This assessment involves presenting Jenny with a passage where certain words are omitted, and she must fill in the blanks with appropriate words. The teacher can analyze her ability to recall details and understand the text's structure and themes based on her responses.