Question

Levels of evidence:

1) BEST EVIDENCE: Evidence from a systematic review of all relevant randomized clinical trials or evidence-based clinical practice guidelines that are based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials. Three or more randomized controlled trials of good quality that have similar results also have been considered _____ _ evidence.

2) Evidence obtained from at least one well-designed randomized controlled trial. These are true experimental studies in which as many factors as possible that could falsely change the results are controlled.

3) Evidence obtained from quasi-experimental research studies. These studies do not control factors that could falsely change the results and, as a result, are less predictive of effectiveness of nursing care.

4) WEAKEST EVIDENCE: Evidence from the opinion of authorities and/or reports of expert committees. Also nursing journal articles that are opinion based, not research based.
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Quaternary

Answer 1

The levels of evidence are classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary.

Step-by-step explanation:

Best Evidence: Evidence from a systematic review of all relevant randomized clinical trials or evidence-based clinical practice guidelines that are based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials. Three or more randomized controlled trials of good quality that have similar results also have been considered primary evidence.

Secondary Evidence: Evidence obtained from at least one well-designed randomized controlled trial. These are true experimental studies in which as many factors as possible that could falsely change the results are controlled.

Weakest Evidence: Evidence from the opinion of authorities and/or reports of expert committees. Also nursing journal articles that are opinion based, not research based, are considered tertiary evidence.