Final answer:
Agentless RUM should be utilized when direct JavaScript injection is not feasible due to restrictions such as inability to alter application code or security policies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Agentless Real User Monitoring (RUM) should be used when direct JavaScript injection isn't possible. This situation occurs when you don't have the ability to modify the application code directly, such as with third-party hosted applications, or in environments where security policies prevent the insertion of scripts. Agentless RUM offers a way to monitor user interactions and performance metrics without the need for embedded scripts.
While options a, c, and d are not specifically related to the core use of agentless RUM, it is worth noting that agentless RUM is not typically designed for real-time performance analysis (a), it is not suitable exclusively for offline applications (c), and it is not exclusively for server-side monitoring since its focus is on tracking end-user experience (d).