Final answer:
Protective gear like protective coats, face shields, and cut-resistant gloves are required to prevent skin contact and absorption of hazardous substances. Specialized equipment is used for handling chemicals like chlorine and radioactive materials, including full body suits and full face masks. Welders also use gloves and helmets to protect against heat and radiation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To prevent skin contact and absorption of hazardous substances, personnel must wear appropriate protective gear. This includes a protective coat, face protection, and cut-resistant gloves. After any contact with skin, the area must be promptly washed with detergent and warm water, followed by a wash with either 1 N NaOH or a bleach solution to neutralize any contaminants. Contaminated waste requires proper disposal techniques such as incineration or treatment in a strong basic solution, while instruments must be cleaned and soaked similarly to ensure decontamination.
In scenarios involving chlorine exposure, it is essential to equip with full body impermeable suits, gloves, and full face masks with appropriate filtration for chlorine compounds. Special attention is required when handling radioactive materials, where workers wear heavy clothing, gloves, lab coats, and sometimes suits with their own air supply to avoid contamination. Welders use protective gloves and helmets to shield themselves from extreme heat and electromagnetic radiation produced during welding.