Final answer:
DNA and tRNA are a) complementary to each other, with specific bases pairing due to hydrogen bonds. In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine, while in tRNA, adenine pairs with uracil.
Step-by-step explanation:
Considering the bases A (adenine), G (guanine), and C (cytosine), DNA and tRNA are a) complementary to each other.
This means that the base pairing in DNA and tRNA follows specific rules where certain nucleotides pair with each other due to hydrogen bonding.
Adenine pairs with uracil (U) in RNA instead of thymine (T), which is present in DNA. So for DNA to tRNA pairing, if the DNA sequence is AGC, the tRNA sequence would be UCG, demonstrating complementary base pairing.
Base pairing is critical for the structure and function of nucleic acids.
In DNA, complementary base pairs involve adenine forming bonds with thymine, and cytosine pairing with guanine.
This concept of complementary pairs comes from the work of Watson and Crick, as they proposed it in their model of the DNA double helix.
When it comes to RNA, thymine is replaced by uracil, yet the principle of complementary base pairing still applies with adenine pairing with uracil.
tRNA pairing with the template strand of DNA is essential for synthesizing proteins encoded by the genome.
This complementarity allows tRNA to bring the correct amino acids into place during protein synthesis, as directed by the sequence of bases in the mRNA, which is in turn complementary to the DNA template strand.