Final answer:
The critical process of historical inquiry starts with a 'fruitful question' leading to alternative perspectives, analyzing primary and secondary sources, and constructing historical interpretations with rigorous critical thinking and research. The correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The critical process involved in historical inquiry begins with the formulation or review of a 'fruitful question' that can guide the research.
This inititates an iterative cycle that consists of formulating a question, seeking out alternative perspectives and interpretations, and considering various sources, such as personal experiences, emotional responses, historical facts, and events.
Through this process, students engage in critical thinking by asking questions, locating and analyzing historical primary and secondary sources, developing historical evidence, and ultimately constructing and defending historical interpretations.
When engaging in historical inquiry, it is important to ask critical-thinking questions about problems, to distinguish between facts and opinions, to recognize bias both in sources and oneself, and to adopt a stance of epistemic humility.
Researchers should seek guidance from knowledgeable individuals and utilize reliable research methods, such as the SIFT method, to evaluate sources for their inquiries.
This process helps students to develop a deeper understanding of the past and facilitates the creation of analytical frameworks for their research reports. The correct option is A.