Final answer:
A log is a comprehensive record of system activities stored in computer memory, used for monitoring and troubleshooting purposes. It is not a script, algorithm, or cache.
Step-by-step explanation:
A log is a sequential record of system activities that are recorded in computer memory. This record is critical for understanding the history of actions taken by the system or by users, diagnosing issues, and ensuring accountability. In contrast to a log, a script is a set of pre-written commands executed by the system, an algorithm is a specific procedure for solving a problem, and a cache is a component that stores data so future requests for that data can be served faster.
Regarding the given references:
- c. A process in which the system follows the same path for every cycle represents a deterministic process, which might relate to an algorithm or a script rather than a log.
- d. A process in which the system follows a different path for every cycle suggests a non-deterministic process, which may occur due to varying inputs or states and does not directly define a log.