Final answer:
Atherosclerosis primarily occurs in major arteries and starts in late childhood, often without early symptoms. It becomes particularly dangerous when it affects the heart or brain, potentially leading to heart attacks or strokes. Risk factors include poor diet, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and genetic components.
Step-by-step explanation:
Atherosclerosis is a condition in which artery walls thicken due to the buildup of plaque. This plaque comprises a mix of cholesterol, fatty substances, calcium, and other materials. Over time, these plaques can harden, narrowing the arteries and reducing blood flow, which is essential for maintaining healthy body functions.
Atherosclerosis commonly begins in late childhood, and while it can occur in any major artery, it is particularly dangerous when it affects blood circulation to the heart or the brain. A blockage in the heart can lead to a heart attack, while a blockage in the brain can cause a stroke.
Several risk factors contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, including a high-fat diet, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes, alongside genetic predisposition, hypertension, and lack of physical activity. It's essential for individuals to manage these risk factors to prevent the progression of the disease.
Prevention and management strategies can include a healthy diet, regular exercise, and medications to control cholesterol and blood pressure.