Final answer:
The only anatomical connection between the atrial and ventricular conduction systems is the atrioventricular node (AV node).
Step-by-step explanation:
The only anatomical connection between the atrial and ventricular conduction systems is the atrioventricular node (AV node). The AV node is a specialized group of cells located in the atrioventricular septum, which is the wall between the atria and ventricles. It acts as a bridge, connecting the atrial conduction system to the ventricular conduction system.
When the electrical impulse reaches the AV node, there is a slight delay, allowing the atria to complete their contraction and fill the ventricles with blood. After the delay, the impulse travels down the atrioventricular bundle and bundle branches to the Purkinje fibers, which then spread the impulse to the ventricular muscles, leading to ventricular contraction. The AV node ensures coordinated and efficient contraction of the atria and ventricles, allowing for proper pumping of blood.