Final answer:
Li-Fraumeni syndrome affects the TP53 gene, which is a tumor suppressor gene associated with an increased risk of various cancers and nearly a 100% lifetime risk of cancer in those with the syndrome.The correct answer is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Li-Fraumeni cancer syndrome affects the TP53 gene. This particular genetic disorder is characterized by mutations in the tumor suppressor gene encoding for the transcription factor p53, which plays a crucial role in controlling cell division and apoptosis.
When the TP53 gene is mutated, it can lead to a significantly increased risk of developing various types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung, renal cell, and breast cancers, among others. In individuals with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, the presence of at least one mutated p53 allele can lead to an approximately 100% lifetime risk of cancer beginning in childhood.The correct answer is option B.